缺氧-好氧移动床生物膜反应器整治都市污水效能分析.docVIP

　　缺氧/好氧移动床生物膜反应器整治都市污水效能分析 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1General Introduction Todaythe clean ited. By 2008 thee;s oving Bed Biofilm Reactors (MBBRs) Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) eof the draass) by adding biofilm small highdensity polyethylene (HDPE) carrier elements es;103kg/m3into the tank for biofilm attachment andgro is usually referred as IFAS (IntegratedFixed-film Activated Sludge) process (Srients can be installed in either anaerobic , anoxic reactor or aerationbasin,,the carrier media that is added for the groass it can befixed or freely moving inside the reactor. In this latter case, edia is used onits o Reactor (MBBR) (Germai al.,2007). The agitation pattern in the reactor is designed to provide an upovement of the carriers across the surface of the retention screen e is biologicallyactive resulting in higher biomass activity. The MBBR and carrier in reactor groent due to human activities) in surface arily due to nitrogen and phosphorus. The most recognizable manifestations ofthis phenomena are algal blooms that occur during summer. Over-nutrient enrichmentresults in lourky e cases toxic algae such as microsystis s. In addition, the increase in algae increases the need to increase chlorine dosesof drinking ately 25% of all pairments are due to nutrient-related causes(U.S EPA, 2007). In efforts to reduce the number of nutrient impairments, many pointsource dischargers have received more stringent effluent limits for nitrogen andphosphorus. To achieve these neits, facilities have begun to lookbeyond traditional treatment technologies. There are physical, chemical, andmicrobiological means of removing nutrients. Biological nutrient removal processesremove nitrogen and phosphorus from icroorganisms under different environmental conditions. Biological uptake forgroass also removes nitrogen and phosphorus, but they are not significant. Indomestic oval more than this is required and hence other means areneeded. 2.2 Background of Biological Nitrogen Removal Nitrification