第3章—托福写作替换词.docVIP

托福高频表达精选 　 国内考生常用的表达 更得分的表达方式 名词 1 things that one tries hard to do ones undertakings/ ones commitments 2 The fact is that… The reality is that… 3 joy happiness/ delight/ enjoyment 4 sadness sorrow/ grief 5 danger hazard/ peril (后面这个词语气很强，危险程度非同一般) [派生] dangerous；hazardous 6 education ≈schooling （指学校教育，家庭教育则用upbringing/ parenting）[区分]家庭教育的两个词upbringing是从孩子的角度说的，比如childrens upbringing；而parenting是从家长的角度来说，比如sensible parenting. 7 advertisement/ advertising 如果你写过关于广告的题目，就一定体会过不停轮换使用advertisement/ advertising有多郁闷。其实主体段论证中完全可以把广告类细化，比如commercials（电视或者互联网上的广告），flyers（传单广告，北京最常见的形式就是“135****，办证”），billboards（大幅的广告牌）或者non-profit advertisements=public-interest advertisements （公益广告） 8 car automobile 9 economic crisis economic meltdown（很接近）/recession（这个一般仅仅还是衰退）/the Great Depression（这个则是特指1929年开始的那次了） 10 famous people celebrities （单数为celebrity） 11 human beings（备考生使用过多） humanity（注意这个词的单数指人类，复数指人文学科）/the human race 12 wealth fortune(s) （fortune作财富的意思时可以加复数） 13 [相关] rich wealthy/ affluent (adj.) 14 skill ≈technique(注意这个词的正确解释是技能或者方法，而不是technology科技) 15 [派生] skilled adept/ adroit (adj.) 16 method methodology (国外学术写作中超级常用的词，基本就是method的故作高深版） 17 field sphere/ domain/ arena 18 understanding of ≈ grasp of/ command of 19 choice option 20 cooperation ≈collaboration 21 basic structure in a city or a country infrastructure 22 tiredness for a long time fatigue 23 is a must of is a prerequisite for （是……的必备先决条件） 24 the Internet ≈the information highway(一篇考生作文里Internet被使用十几次是常事儿) 25 honesty ≈integrity 26 strong belief faith (in) 27 aim intention 28 worries anxieties (是的，这两个词的确都可以加复数） 29 influence impact/ repercussion/ implication 30 influence on each other mutual influence（类似的表达还有mutual respect, mutual trust和mutual understanding/ interaction between A and B/ interplay between A and B 31 many different kinds of… a variety of…/ a wide array of…/ a wide range of… 32 wrong ideas held by many people misconceptions 33 fame prestige/ sterling reputation 34 range ≈sp