木质纤维素生物质预处理技术研究现状 - 中国农学通报.pdf

中国农学通报 2012,28(11):272-277 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 木质纤维素生物质预处理技术研究现状 张元晶，魏 刚，张小冬，魏云鹏，乔 宁 （北京化工大学化工资源有效利用国家重点实验室，北京100029） 摘 要：为了研究经济高效的预处理技术，综述了近10年国内外在木质纤维素预处理技术方面的研究， 对物理法、物理-化学法、化学法、生物法等预处理技术进行了重点分析，发现稀酸处理法、蒸汽爆破法和 生物法等技术极具潜力，但目前的研究仍存在不足，今后还需研究成本低、产率高、污染小的预处理技 术。最后对预处理技术的发展提出了建议。 关键词：木质纤维素；预处理；燃料乙醇 中图分类号：S216 文献标志码：A 论文编号：2011-3079 StatusinPretreatmentTechnologiesofLignocellulosicBiomass Zhang Yuanjing, Wei Gang, Zhang Xiaodong, Wei Yunpeng, Qiao Ning (StateKeyLaboratoryofChemicalResourceEngineering,BeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology, Beijing 100029) Abstract: In order to develop economic and efficient pretreatment technologies, the research progress on pretreatment of lignocellulose at home and abroad in recent 10 years was reviewed detailedly. And the pretreatment processes, such as physical methods, physical-chemistry methods, chemical methods and biologic methods were emphatically analyzed, from which dilute acid pretreatment method, steam explosion pretreatment method and biological pretreatment method were found to be most development potential. Pretreatment methods with low cost, high yield and less pollution are needed to be developed for shortages of the existing methods. And some proposals for development of pretreatment technologies were put forward as well. Keywords:lignocellulose; pretreatment; fuel ethanol 0 引言 有机溶剂法、蒸汽爆破法或几种方法的结合，虽然处理 木质纤维素原料来源广泛，是储量丰富的可再生 效果相对较好，但是对设备的要求高，造成严重的环境 [1] 资源 。近年来，利用木质纤维素制备燃料乙醇新能 污染；生物法能耗低、无污染，但是成本高、作用周期 [3] 源备受国内外专家学者的关注。发展木质纤