Oil Refining（炼油）.docVIP

Oil Refining（炼油） Lesson # 11 Oil Refining Lesson 11 oil refining An oil refinery is An industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into useful petroleum products. 1, the Fractional distillation fractionation Crude oil, petroleum (from Greek Petra - rock and oleum , oil), sometimes colloquially called black gold, is a thick, dark brown or greenish liquid. A widely believed myth is that the Crude oil itself is flammable, or it is later the gas that evaporates from the Crude oil that is flammable. Crude oil (derived from the Greek word Petra -- stone and oleum -- oil), sometimes known as black gold, is a thick, brown or dark green liquid. A common false perception is that crude oil itself is flammable. In fact, the gases that evaporate from it cause the oil to be flammable. Petroleum is an important primary energy source, and it is also the raw material for many chemical products, o solvents, fertilizers, pesticides, and plastics etc. Petroleum is an important source of major energy, and it is also the raw material for many chemical products, including solvents, fertilizers, pesticides, plastics, etc. Strictly speaking, raw oil or unprocessed (crude oil) is not very useful in the form it comes in out of the ground. It needs to be broken down into a solid material such as plastics and foams, or as fossil fuels as in the case of automobile and airplane engines. Strictly speaking, crude oil or unprocessed crude from underground is not very useless. Before being used for solid materials, such as plastics and foam, or as fossil fuels such as cars and aircraft engines, it needs to be split into different fractions, refined and processed. In refining, the component chemicals of crude oil are separated by fractional distillation, which is a separation -based on relative boiling points (or equivalently relative volatility). The companys products (In the order of b.p.) include light gases (e.g., methane, ethane, propane), gasoline, jet arg, kerosene, diesel