环境监测大题（Environmental monitoring is a big problem）.doc

环境监测大题（Environmental monitoring is a big problem） One, two different methods for determining the first type of pollutants in water are described respectively. Determination of mercury; Dithizone spectrophotometry: water samples in 95 degrees in acid medium with potassium permanganate and potassium persulfate digestion (antioxidant) solution, the inorganic and organic mercury into bivalent mercury, reducing excess oxidizer with hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution, join dithizone solution with mercury ions generated orange chelate reaction, using chloroform extraction, add to the caustic wash solution excessive dithizone, measuring the absorbance at 485 nm wavelengths, with quantitative standard curve method. 2. The cold atomic absorption spectrometry: water samples after digestion to various forms of mercury into bivalent mercury, bivalent mercury was reduced by stannous chloride as the elemental mercury, mercury using volatile characteristics, ventilation with nitrogen gas at room temperature to load the cold atomic absorption mercury measurement instrument measuring the characteristic wavelength of 253.7 nm light absorbance, comparing with mercury absorbance of standard quantitative, in a certain concentration range of absorbance is proportional to the concentration. Features: strict dithizone spectrophotometry operation is complicated and hydroxylamine hydrochloride cant avoid reagent purity demands high excessive light half black-box operation, is suitable for the determination of industrial waste water and polluted surface water quality concentration range of 2 ~ 40 ug | L, easy cold atomic absorption spectrometry interference factors less high sensitivity detection quality lowest concentration is 0.1 ~ 0.5 ug | L is suitable for the determination of various water bodies of mercury 2. The principle of the determination of potassium permanganate index by CODcr is briefly described and its characteristics and applicability are compared CODcr potassium dichromate