什么是太阳（What is the sun）.doc

什么是太阳（What is the sun） The sun is a normal star, and there are about 100 million such stars in the Milky Way. Diameter: 1,390,000 km. Quality: 1.989e30kg Temperature: 5800 open (surface) 15.6m (core) The sun is the largest object in the solar system. It has 99.8 percent of the mass of the solar system (Jupiter has most of the remaining mass). The sun was personified in many myths: the ancient greeks called it Helios, and the Romans called it Sol. The suns mass is made up of 75 percent hydrogen and 25 percent helium (92.1 percent hydrogen, 7.8 percent helium); The total number of other substances ( metals ) is only 0.1 per cent. Hydrogen in the core of the sun is converted into helium, which is slow to change. The outer layer of the sun has a different spin cycle: 25.4 days on the equator and a weeks rotation; The poles are up to 36 days. This strange phenomenon occurs because the sun is not a solid globe as the earth is, and similar conditions can be seen in gaseous planets. So in the sun, the rotation cycle is different, but the core of the sun still rotates like a solid body. The state of the suns core is breathtaking, with temperatures reaching 15,600,000 and the pressure equivalent to 250 billion atmospheres. The gas in the core is so compressed that it is 150 times as dense as water. The sun releases 3.86e33 erg/s (3860 billion megawatts), which is produced by nuclear fusion. About 700 million tons of hydrogen atoms are converted to approximately 695,000,000 tons of helium in a second and 5,000,000 tons (= 3.86e33 erg) of gamma rays form energy in the form of gamma rays. Since the rays are emitted to the surface of the sphere, the energy is constantly absorbed and distributed, making the temperature continuously lower, so there is a huge temperature difference inside and outside and basic visible light. The energy produced by convection is at least 20% higher than the radiated energy. The outer surface of the sun is called the ball of light, and the temperature