基于指数函数的机床主轴热误差补偿模型1Thermalerror.PDF

基于指数函数的机床主轴热误差补偿模型1 1 1+ 2 2 2 王乾俸 ， 张 松 ，陈 舟 ，张宝雷 ，江 诚 （1.山东大学 机械工程学院，高效洁净机械制造教育部重点实验室，山东 济南 250061； 2.山东永华机械有限公司，山东 兖州 272100） 摘要：在对机床主轴进行热特性分析的基础上，建立了基于指数函数的机床主轴轴向热误差补 偿模型。该热误差补偿模型建模时间短、资金成本低，能够方便快捷的应用到工厂生产环境中。首 先，通过实验获得不同转速下的主轴轴向热变形数据。其次，使用回归分析和最小二乘法建立稳定 状态下主轴轴向变形量和时间常数的估计方程，进而建立基于指数函数的热误差补偿模型。该模型 可以预测不同转速下主轴的轴向变形量。通过验证实验证明该热补偿模型在机床主轴恒速运转和变 速运转两种工况下均具有较高的精度。 关键词：热补偿模型；热变形；指数函数；机床热特性 中图分类号：TG659 文献标识码：A Thermal error compensation model of machine spindle based on exponential function 1 1+ 2 2 2 WANG Qian-feng , ZHANG Song , CHEN Zhou , ZHANG Bao-lei , JIANG Chen (1.Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Shandong University), Ministry of Education; School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China ; 2.Shandong Yonghua Machinery Co., Ltd., Yanzhou 272100, China) Abstract : Based on the analysis of the thermal characteristic of the machine tool spindle, an exponential thermal error compensation model of the machine tool spindle was presented. This compensation model can be easily and quickly implemented in production with little investment of manpower and time. First, the deformation of the spindle at various rotational speeds was obtained by measuring experiment. Secondly, Estimating equations of the spindle deformation under steady state and time constant were established using method of least squares and regression analysis. Then a thermal error compensation model which can predict the spindle deformation under various rotational speeds was developed. At last, the effectiveness of the compensation model under constant speed and variable speed workin