放牧强度对典型草原大针茅根际土壤影响.pdfVIP

摘 要 本论文探讨了不同放牧强度对典型草原主要建群种大针茅根际土壤与非根际土壤 养分和酶的影响。目的是为草地资源的科学管理、制定合理的放牧强度提供理论依据。 研究结果如下： 1. 根际土养分含量及酶活性高于非根际土，植物根系生长增加了根系脱落物，通 过根系分泌的有机酸和微生物活动将其分解后增加了根际土壤养分，保证适时的供给 植物生长需要。根际土的 pH 小于非根际土是因为根系分泌有机酸降低了土壤的 pH ， 随着放牧强度增加pH 值增加。 2. 随着放牧强度的加强土壤有机质、全氮、全磷下降，过度放牧破坏草场，土壤 蒸发加强，土壤水分降低，加上牲畜的啃食和践踏减少草地现存量，归还土壤的残落 物减少，土壤养分含量减少。 3. 在相同季节全钾含量根际土都高于非根际土，根际土、非根际土在四季中变化 规律相同，随着放牧强度增加全钾为 MGCKLGHG 。 4. 不同放牧强对硝态氮、铵态氮的影响是在重度放牧区最高；有效磷、有效钾、 脲酶、过氧化氢酶是重度放牧区最低。 5. 全氮和有机质、全磷、脲酶、蔗糖酶之间的相关性较好，达到极显著水平；有 机质和有效磷达到显著水平；pH 和铵态氮成负相关并达到显著水平；全磷和速钾、 铵态氮蔗糖酶相关性达到显著水平；全钾和速磷、铵态氮、显著性达到显著水平；速 磷和铵态氮、脲酶相关性达到水平；硝态氮和铵态氮、脲酶相关性达到显著水平；铵 态氮和脲酶相关性达到显著水平；蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶相关性达到显著水。 关键词：放牧强度；根际土壤与非根际土壤；大针茅；典型草原；土壤养分与酶 The Effort of Grazing Intensity to Nutrition of Stipa Grandis Rhizosphere which is the Mainly Built Plants of Typical Steppe Abstract This paper discusses the efforts of different grazing intensity to the nutrition of Stpia Grandis rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere which are the mainly built of group of plants typical steppe. The research is aimed for the scientific management of grassland resources and also provide theoretical basis to the establishing of appropriate grazing intensity. The results are in below: 1. The research about forest root secretions and rhizosphere microorganisms have been focused much more in worldwide, and there are some related reports. But compared with the research on crops side, the side of forest research is much more stepped by. The research on the root of steppe plants was even rare. Obviously, it cannot meet the demands of protecting grassland resources ecological construction in recent years in China. Research results show that both of the rhizosphere soil nutrient content and enzyme activity are higher than th