INTRODUCTION TO VIBRATION AND STABILITY （介绍振动和稳定性）.pdf

INTRODUCTION TO VIBRATION AND STABILITY ANALYSIS OF MECHANICAL SYSTEMS S. K. Dwivedy Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781 039, India Abstract In this lecture note the vibration of linear and nonlinear dynamical systems has been briefly discussed. Both inertia and energy based approaches have been introduced to derive the equation of motion. With the help of simple numerical examples, responses of linear and nonlinear systems, their stability and bifurcations have been studied. 1. Introduction Any motion that repeats itself after an interval of time is called vibration or oscillation. The swinging of a pendulum (Fig.1) and the motion of a plucked string are typical examples of vibration. The theory of vibration deals with the study of oscillatory motion of bodies and forces associated with them. Elementary Parts of Vibrating system • A means of storing potential energy (Spring or elasticity) • A means of storing kinetic energy (Mass or inertia) • A means by which energy is gradually lost (damper) The forces acting on the systems are • Disturbing forces • Restoring force • Inertia force • Damping force Fig. 1: Swinging of a Pendulum Degree of Freedom: The minimum number of independent coordinates required to determine completely the position of all parts of a system at any instant of time defines the degree of freedom of the system. System with a finite number of degrees of freedom are called discrete or lumped parameter system, and those with an infinite number of degrees of freedom are called continuous or distributed systems. Classification of Vibration: