Research paper Thermal mechanical modeling of （热机械建模的研究论文）.pdfVIP

Available online at Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 170 (2008) 181 – 197 /locate/jvolgeores Research paper Thermal–mechanical modeling of cooling history and fracture development in inflationary basalt lava flows Simon A. Kattenhorn ⁎, Conrad J. Schaefer Department of Geological Sciences, University of Idaho, PO Box 443022, Moscow, Idaho 83844-3022, United States Received 19 February 2007; accepted 2 October 2007 Available online 24 October 2007 Abstract Thermal–mechanical analyses of isotherms in low-volume basalt flows having a range of aspect ratios agree with inferred isotherm patterns deduced from cooling fracture patterns in field examples on the eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho, and highlight the caveats of analytical models of sheet flow cooling when considering low-volume flows. Our field observations show that low-volume lava flows have low aspect ratios (width divided by thickness), typically b 5. Four fracture types typically develop: column-bounding, column-normal, entablature (all of which are cooling fractures), and inflation fractures. Cooling fractures provide a proxy for isotherms during cooling and produce patterns that are strongly influenced by flow aspect ratio. Inflation fractures are induced by lava pressure-driven inflationary events and introduce a thermal perturbation to the flow interior that is clearly evidenced by fracture patterns around them. Inflation fracture growth occurs incrementally due to bl