小叶兜兰的果实生长和雌配子体发育 - 热带亚热带植物学报.PDFVIP

热带亚热带植物学报 2016,24( 1)：14 ~ 20 Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany 小叶兜兰的果实生长和雌配子体发育 1 1 2 2 2 2 3* 1* 刘岩 , 齐霁, 吴记贵, 蒋万杰 , 蒋健 , 王丹 , 张毓 , 程瑾 (1. 北京林业大学生物学院，花卉种质创新与分子育种北京市重点实验室，北京 100083; 2. 松山国家级自然保护区管理处，北京102115; 3. 北京植 物园，北京100093) 摘要: 为了解濒危兰科植物小叶兜兰(Paphiopedilum barbigerum Tang et Wang)胚珠和雌配子体的发育过程，采用常规石蜡切 片技术对其果实的生长动态进行了研究。结果表明，授粉后60~75 d 的蒴果内种子数量迅速增加，到授粉后120 d 时种子充 满整个蒴果。授粉后40 d 的胎座上分化形成多数由1 层表皮细胞包被1 列细胞的胚珠原基；授粉后60 d 时位于胎座指状结 构末端处紧靠表皮细胞下方的孢原细胞分化为大孢子母细胞。之后，大孢子母细胞经过减数分裂和有丝分裂最终形成成熟胚 囊；授粉后135 d 胚囊发育成熟，附着在胎座上的种子个体分化明显。小叶兜兰胚囊的发育类型为双孢子葱型，胚珠为倒生 胚珠，薄珠心，单珠被，成熟胚囊为8 核。这为小叶兜兰的生殖生物学及繁殖体系的建立提供理论依据。 关键词：小叶兜兰；雌配子体；胚珠；发育 doi: 10.11926/j.issn.1005-3395.2016.01.002 Fruit Growth and Female Gametophyte Development in Paphiopedilum barbigerum Tang et Wang 1 1 2 2 2 2 3* 1* LIU Yan , QI Ji , WU Ji-gui , JIANG Wan-jie , JIANG Jian , WANG Dan , ZHANG Yu , CHENG Jin (1. College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083, China; 2. Administration Office of Songshan National Nature Reserve, Beijing 102115, China; 3. Beijing Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China) Abstract: In order to understand the development of ovule and female gametophyte in Paphiopedilum barbigerum Tang et Wang, an endangered species in Orchidaceae, the growth dynamic of its capsule was studied by conventional paraffin section method. The results showed that the number of seeds in capsule increased rapidly during 60-75 days after pollination, and its capsule would be full of seeds at 120 days after pollinatio