HAND AND UPPER EXTREMITY INJURIES - 课程中心.PDF

HANDANDUPPEREXTREMITYINJURIES 手及上肢的损伤 Treatmentoftheupperextremity(UE)i importanttoalloccupationaltherapist whoworkwith person withphysicaldisabilities.TheincidenceofUEinjurie i significantandaccount foraboutone thirdofallacuteinjuries.About63%ofthe90,000work-relatedrepetitivemotioninjurie peryearinthe UnitedState involvethewrist,hand,andshoulder.Combined,theseinjurie accountfor98millionday ofrestrictedactivity.TheUE areinvolvedinaboutonethirdofwork-relatedfarminjurie andone quarterofalldisablinginjuries.Inaddition,diseaseandcongenitalanomalie contributetoUE dysfunction,anditi estimatedthatonlyabout15%ofthosewhoexperienceseverecerebrovas-cular accidentrecoverhandfunction. 对上肢末端的治疗对所有的OT来说是很重要的，OT是针对身体残疾的。上肢损伤的发生率高， 占了所有急性损伤的的1/3。在美国每年大约有9000人需反复重复同一个动作，这一人群的63% 有手腕、手、肩的的损伤。总的来说，以上损伤活动受限制。上肢末端的损伤大约 占农活相关损伤的1/3，和残损的1/4。此外，疾病和先天畸形也会造成上肢的功能丧失，估计大 约只占到严重脑血管疾病中需要恢复手功能的15%。 Thehandi vitaltohumanfunctionandappearance.Itflexes,extends,opposes,andgrasp thousand oftime daily,allowingtheperformanceofnece arydailyactivities.Thehand sensibilityallow feelingwithoutlookingandprovide protectionfrominjury.Thehandtouches,give comfort,and expre e emotions.Lo ofhandfunctionthroughinjuryordiseasethu affect muchmorethanthe mechanicaltask thatthehandperforms.Handinjurymayjeopardize afamily livelihoodand,atthe least,affect everydailyactivity.Theoccupationaltherapistwithtraininginphysicalandpsychological a e ment,prostheticevaluation,fabricationoforthoses,a e mentandtraininginactivitie ofdaily living(ADLs),andfunctionalrestorationi uniquelyqualifiedtotreatUEdisorders. 手在人类功能和外观上是很重要的。每天手屈、伸、抓握无数次，来完成日常生活活动。手的 感觉可不用眼睛就能感知事物从而避免了损伤。手触觉可以感知舒适度，表达情感。因疾病或损 伤而丧失手功能造成的影响，远不止手机械活动完成任务这功能。手的损伤可使一个家庭的生活 陷入困境，至少会影响日常生活活动。经过训练的OT （训练包括：身体和心理评估、假体的评价、 矫形器的制作、考核和培训日常生活（日常生活活动）的活动，功能恢复）是唯一有资格治疗上 肢末端的功能障碍的治疗师。 Handrehabilitation,orhandtherapy,ha growna acialtyareaofoccupationaltherapy(OT)and physicaltherapy(PT).Manyoftheinterventiontechnique usedwithha