直接灸手法应用及临症举隅.docVIP

直接灸手法应用及临症举隅(尤溪县妇幼保健所,福建365100) [摘　要]　传统的直接灸,难以体现灸的补泻特点,且因其艾炷之大、壮数之多、灸的疼痛、起泡、化脓、常遗留疤痕,而不易被患者接受。吸收民间灸法特点,阐发《内经》灸法补泻的内涵,改良灸方法,剔除灸缺陷,通过临床实践,总结了一套简便实用的手法。从而充分体现了灸的补、泻特点,极大的发挥了灸的功能,且具有灸的壮数少,灸时疼痛轻,无遗留疤痕,无交叉感染,应用面广,疗效快捷等优点。 [主题词]　直接灸;灸法/方法;补泻 Application and Clinical Samples of Manipulation of Direct Moxibustion Lin Qisheng (Youxi County Maternity and Infant Health Institute,Fujian 365100) [Abstract]　Traditional direct moxibustion is difficult to reflect characteristics of reinforcing and reducing,and also it is dificult to be accepted by patients due to the large moxa cone,the more number of moxa?cone and moxibustion?induced pain,small blister,suppuration and often a scar remains.The author summarizes a set of convenient and practiable minipulations through absorbing characteristics of folk moxibustion methods,elucidating the connotation of reinforcing?reducing methods in ?The Yellow Emperior’s Intemal Classic?,modifying me thods of moxibustion,geting rid of shortcoming of moxibustion,and undergoing clinical practice,so as to reflect fully characterisctics of reinforcing and reducing of moxibustion,and greatly exert functions of moxibustion,with advantages of a less numbers of moxa?cones,light pain,non?scar,non?cross infection,wide application and rapidly producing therapeutic effect. [Key words]　Derict Moxibustion;Moxibustion/method;Reinforcing?Reducing 灸疗源远流长,在历史的长河中它的疗效也被历代医家所证实。灸法之补泻,始载于《内经》,后见于《针灸大成》。《灵枢?背腧》说:“以火补者,毋吹其火,须自灭也;以火泻者,疾吹其火,传至艾,须其火灭也”。《针灸大成》乃遵经旨,略有发挥:“以火补者,毋吹其火,须待自灭,即按其穴;以火泻者,速吹其火,开其穴也”。灸法补泻仅此而已,历代书籍及资料也未见灸手法记载。故灸法至今一直遵循传统方法,其不足之处是灸的艾炷之大、壮数之多、常需燃至艾灭,疼痛难以忍受,且灸后起泡、化脓、溃烂、常遗留疤痕。因此,不易被患者接受,因而临床应用也逐渐减少,极大地阻碍了自身的发展,致使这一方法面临的趋势极为严峻。 笔者秉承家学,吸收民间灸法特点,阐发《内经》灸法补泻的内涵,改良灸方法,剔除灸缺陷,进一步发挥灸的功能,通过临床实践总结了一套简便实用的灸法治疗手法,这将对灸的自身发展,具有深远的意义。兹将手法及临床所得介绍如下。 1　操作方法 先将施术部位(穴位)涂少许凡士林或植物油,以增加粘附作用,再将艾绒搓成锥状如麦粒大之艾炷粘附在穴位上,引燃(熟练者可将艾炷粘附在施术者的食指尖,引燃后粘附在患者的穴位上),当艾炷燃至患者感觉可以接受的灼痛时(嘱患者叫“嘘”以表示之)即可施以手法。 1.1　补法 (1)重补(亦称封补、按补):医生用拇指或食指将燃着的艾炷(待患者叫嘘时)呈90度垂直按下,按灭时速度要快,力