Bacterial community composition and function （细菌群落组成和功能）.pdf

218 Bacterial community composition and function in sewage treatment systems Michael Wagner* and Alexander Loy The application of modern molecular techniques has led to the actually present [6–8]. During the past decade, a variety of identification, in situ quantification, and partial ecophysiological molecular approaches were developed and used to study characterisation of bacteria responsible for bulking and bacterial diversity in WWTPs in a cultivation-independent foaming or for nutrient removal in sewage treatment systems. manner (for a review see [9•]). These studies demonstrated Unexpectedly, previously unrecognised, yet uncultured bacteria that most of the suggested model organisms are of minor were demonstrated to catalyse nitrogen and phosphorous relevance in situ and that other microorganisms, often not removal in activated-sludge and biofilm reactors. These yet culturable, are responsible for most key processes in findings provide the basis for the development of novel WWTPs (see below). Recently, first insights into the concepts for improving the efficiency and functional stability of ecophysiology of these microorganisms were obtained by waste water treatment systems. combining molecular methods for community composition analysis with techniques to infer the function of the detected Addresses microorganisms in situ. In this article, we review recent Microbial Ecology Group, Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Technische advances in the field of microbial ecology of WWTPs. We Universität München, Am Hochanger 4, D-85350 Freising, Germany focus on aerobic or alternating aerobic–anaerobic activated- *e-mail: wagner@microbial-ecology.de