Design of Earth Dams University of Waterloo（设计的大坝滑铁卢大学）.pdfVIP

Design of Earth Dams Earth Dam Components 1 Design Requirements Types of Earth Dams 2 Other Types of Dams Concrete Roller Compacted concrete Debris flows Choice of Type Depends on Availability of materials Trucking increases cost Homogeneous Earth Dam Lots of low K material – Till Zoned Limited core material Rock available Upstream construction Use mine tailings as a construction material 3 Foundation Requirements 1. Strong foundation Minimal differential settlement No bearing capacity shear failure Sand/Gravel or rock 2. Low hydraulic conductivity Silt and/or Clay, non-fractured rock Since 1 and 2 are often incompatible we need to do foundation treatment Foundation Treatment Soil Cut-offs walls Sheet pile walls Slurry trench Impervious upstream blanket Removal and replacement Densification Zone grouting Rock Removal and replacement of upper fractured rock Grouting Impervious upstream blanket 4 Hydraulic Efficiency Install upstream and down stream peizometers Head loss across barrier Δh E H Total head loss h Efficiencies greater than 90% have been attained Foundation Treatment (Mitchell) 5 Foundation Treatment (Mitchell) Foundation Preparation Want smooth transition to minimize negative skin friction and soil arching as that can led to hydraulic fracturing as well as core cracking