DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR STEEL FRAME （为钢框架设计过程）.pdfVIP

II DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR STEEL FRAME STRUCTURES ACCORDING TO BS 5950 2.1 Introduction Structural design is grossly abbreviated name of an operation, which for maj or proj ects may involve the knowledge of hundreds of experts from a variety of disciplines. A code of practice may therefore be regarded as a consensus of what is considered acceptable at the time it was written, containing a balance between accepted practice and recent research presented in such a way that the information should be of immediate use to the design engineer. As such, it is regarded more as an aid to design, which includes allowable stress levels, member capacities, design formulae and recommendations for good practice, rather than a manual or textbook on design. Once the decision has been taken to construct a particular building, a suitable structural system must be selected. Attention is then given to the way in which loads are to be resisted. After that, critical loading patterns must be determined to suit the purpose of the building. There is, therefore, a fundamental two-stage process in the design operation. Firstly, the forces acting on the structural members and j oints are determined by conducting a structural system analysis, and, secondly, the sizes of various structural Design Proceduref or Steel Frame Structures according to BS 5950 27 members and details of the structural j oints are selected by checking against specification member-capacity formulae. Section 2.2 starts with definitions of basic limit-states terminology. Then, determination of loads, load factors, and load combinations are given as requested by the British codes of practice BS 6399. Accordingly, ultimate limit state design