章节中的属性条款翻译 5.pptVIP

第五章 第四节 定语从句的译法英语中的定语从句是比较复杂的语言现象，与汉语的定语相比较，有两点相异之处：（1）汉语的定语比较简单，一般放在所修饰的名词前面，英语的定语从句则放在修饰事物的后面，一般比较长，是个完整的句子。 ;（2）汉语的定语一般是形容词修饰名词，而英语的定语从句分限定性和非限定性的，尤其是非限定性的定语从句，对所修饰的名词限定性并不强，有时兼有状语化的职能，不仅仅起定语作用，译时要根据汉语的表达习惯进行转换。;一、译成定语若定语从句与主句的关系比较密切，且在译成汉语时完全可以用“……的”结构来直接修饰主句有关的词，那么就没有必要将其与主句拆开，而直接译成定语即成。;1. In this course, the third world, where the largest part of world population live and where abundant natural resources still lie hidden must play its due role.;2. The time will surely come when the Chinese people will realize the four modernizations.;3. The (the Grand Canal) met a pressing need by linking the Yangtze Valley, which had become the economic center of the country, with the North, which remained the political center.;4. And then Gratiano, who loved to copy what his lord did, thought he must make a speech like Bassanio’s.;5. Our hope and vision was to forge a Sino-American relationship which would contribute to world peace and the welfare of our two people.;二、分句译法有些定语从句结构较复杂，虽说是语法上的定语从句，但在意义上独立性较强，和主句是两个并列句子。翻译时将此类定语从句单译成一个句子，置于主句之后。;1. He gave me a book which I kept to this day.2. We wish to express our satisfaction at this to the Special Committee, whose activities deserve to be encouraged.;3. Relations between China and Denmark which dates back in January 1950 is friendly.;4. Kissinger and his small group of aids toured the Forbidden City, where the Chinese emperors once lived in lofty splendor.;5. The grammar school legally could only teach the classical subjects for which they had been founded.;三、压缩溶合法There be 句型中和谓语动词是be 的句子中所含的定语从句，一般与主语的关系比较密切，翻译时通常与主句溶合在一起译，往往可以把定语从句当成主体，译成谓语部分，把主句中的主语充当主语，从而把复合句融合成一个简单句。;1. There are events taking place at this time which dim our hopes and lessen the prospects.2. There has never been a man around me who wrote so many memos.;3. There used t be dozens of people who stood a long line for hours in order to buy some pork…4. We are people that are ready to support the cause of other na