语法专项训练(六)课件.ppt

语法专项训练(六)——形容词和副词; 形容词 考点一　形容词的语法功能 ;类型;类型;类型;类型;类型;考点二　形容词的位置 1．一般放在其修饰的词之前 当一名词有多个修饰语时, 其位置遵循以下词序: (1)冠词、指示代词、不定代词、物主代词、名词所有格； (2)序数词、基数词；;(3)一般形容词； (4)国籍、出处； (5)物质、材料； (6)用途、类别. these tall young Chinese soldiers, a round brown wooden table, a famous American medical school, etc. ;2．形容词作后置定语 ;类型;3.一些只作表语的形容词 ;类型;考点三　形容词的级 1．形容词比较级和最高级的构成 ;规律;规律;规律;规律;2.形容词级的用法 ;规律;规律;副词 考点一　副词的分类 ;类型;类型;类型;类型;考点二　副词的语法功能;类型;考点三　副词在句子中的位置 1．程度副词 一般放在被修饰的动词、形容词或副词之前；如果实义动词之前有情态动词或助动词, 程度副词要放在二者之间；如果是be动词, 要放在be动词之后. ;常用的这类词有: just, too, fairly, nearly, slightly, exactly, absolutely, perfectly, etc. 【注意】　①quite同否定词连用时, 位于not前后意义不同. ;I quite don’t understand her. 我完全不了解她. I don’t quite understand her. 我不十分了解她. ②副词及被修饰的副词不能同时都 以-ly结尾, 以避免语音上的不和谐. She walked terribly slowly.(误) She walked terribly slow.(正) ;2．频率副词 通常放在行为动词前；当句中有情态动词、助动词或系动词时, 则放在这类动词之后. 常用的有: ever, rarely, often, sometimes, seldom, never, constantly, frequently, occasionally, always, usually, etc.;I often see her walk in the park. We must always remember this. He has never been late. 【注意】　①still, almost, nearly, never, already, just, always等程度副词可以放在助动词或情态动词之前, 表示强调. ;He never can understand it. She already has done her best. He really is unaware of it. ②当程度副词和频率副词在句子中同时出现时, 通常是程度副词修饰频率副词. They nearly always spend their holidays in the mountains. ;3．方式副词 一般放在动词之后 (1)在动词＋介词＋宾语结构中, 方式副词既可置于介词前, 也可置于宾语后；在动宾结构中, 放在宾语之后. 常用的有: fast, quickly, quietly, slowly, carefully, angrily, well, etc.;She speaks French well. He looked at her angrily. ＝He looked angrily at her. (2)在动词＋宾语结构中, 如宾语较长, 常把副词置于动词之前, 以免造成歧义, 比较: ;They secretly decided to leave the town. ＝They decided to leave the town secretly. (3)还有一些方式副词因位置不同而 意思不同: He answered the question foolishly. He foolishly answered the question. ;4．时间副词、地点副词 时间副词、地点副词一般放在句末. 有时为了强调时间, 也可把时间副词放在句首. 常用的有: finally, yet, still, soon, lately, shortly, then, recently, presently, already, before, early, late, away, abroad, downstairs, ;everywhere, outside, below, there, near, far, up, e