国际商务沟通英文PPT6课件.ppt

Chapter 6 Oral and Nonverbal Communication Patterns;Topics;Nonword messages, such as gestures, facial expressions, interpersonal distance, touch, eye contact, smell, and silence.;Cultural Differences in Patterns of Thought or Processes of Reasoning and Problem Solving;Thought Patterns Include Speed of Making Decisions;What is meant by paralanguage?;Differences in loudness of speech is culture specific and gender specific:;Nonverbals;Time (Chronemics) ;Monochronic/Polychronic Cultures;Cultural Differences in Attitudes Toward Time;Space (Proxemics);Space Zones in the U.S.;U.S. people need more space than do Greeks, Latin Americans, or Arabs.The Japanese stand even farther away than do U.S. persons.;Elevator Proxemics;The Office Environment andNonverbal Messages;Gaze/Eye Contact (Oculesics);Smell (Olfactics);Touch (Haptics) ;“Dont Touch” Cultures;Australia France China Ireland India Middle East countries;“Touch” Cultures;Location of the Touch Is Important;Several years ago, when President Carter was mediating peace talks between Egypt and Israel, Anwar Sadat frequently placed his hand on President Carter’s knee. While this subtextual message was intended as a gesture of warm friendship, the subtler message Sadat was conveying to the world was that he was President Carter’s equal.;Body Language (Kinesics);Facial Expressions;Gestures;General Guidelines U.S. Gestures;Suspiciousness is indicated by glancing away or touching the nose, eyes, or ears. Defensiveness is indicated by crossing the arms over the chest, making fisted gestures, or crossing the legs. Lack of interest or boredom is indicated by glancing repeatedly at one’s watch or staring at the ceiling or floor or out the window when the person is speaking.;Additional Guidelines for Gesturing in Various Cultures;Has a positive connotation associated with the University of Texas Longhorn football team Has an insulting connotation in Italy Is a sign for good luck in Brazil and Venezuela In oth