Catalyst Technology.ppt课件.ppt

Catalyst Technology Prof. Moo Been Chang Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering National Central University Chung-Li 320 TAIWAN Catalyst characterization (1/3) Define A chemical substance that increases the rate of a reaction without being consumed; after the reaction it can potentially be recovered from the reaction mixture chemically unchanged. Most catalysts are inorganic materials that catalyze organic reactions by accelerating the rate of a thermodynamically favorable process. Catalyst characterization (2/3) The real world is tremendously interested in the case of metal containing catalyst structure with respect to: Metal function as ensembles, clusters, rafts or individual atoms. The extent of metal support interaction and the variation in the strength of such interaction. Catalyst characterization (3/3) Now, many researches discuss about the catalyst of “nano-” class. Effective factor of catalyst design Activity patterns Correlations of activity with bulk properties of the catalyst Predictions on the basis of geometric considerations Chemisorption on the catalysts Activity patterns Catalytic activity patterns are the most useful tool available to the catalyst designer. Experience has shown that the relative activity of different solids is often the same for the same class of reactions. An activity pattern for hydrogen-deuterium exchange could provide information of the relative activities of solids for hydrogenation. Correlations of activity with bulk propertiers of the catalyst (1/2) In the past there have been several attempts to relate catalytic activity with the bulk properties of solids. Attempts to relate adsorption and catalysts with bulk semiconductor properties of oxides have been successful in explaining some patterns of catalytic activity. Correlations of activity with bulk propertiers of the catalyst (2/2) More accurate predictions should be obtained by considering the gas-solid interface. Chemisorption on the catalysts (1/2) The