dingmingjie---chapter 9 thermal pyrolysis of coal课件.pptVIP

Chapter 9 Thermal decomposition of coal ;ⅠGENERAL CONCEPTS ; Coal undergoes a large variety of physical and chemical changes when heated to a temperature at which thermal decomposition occurs. However, some changes may be noted before the onset of thermal decomposition proper (i.e., carbon –carbon bond scission and the like), and may manifest themselves as the formation of low molecular weight species. For example, while the temperature of thermal decomposition proper is generally recognized to be approximately 350℃(660°F；the so –called cracking temperature ), water will appear as a product of heating coal at temperature below 100℃(210°F). In addition, when a coal is “degassed “at temperature below 100℃, absorbed methane and carbon dioxide will appear as “products ”of the thermal treatment. On the other hand, a coal such as lignite, which contains many carboxylic functions as part of the coal structure, will evolve carbon dioxide by thermal decarboxylation.; Such changes are usually noted to occur at temperature just in excess of 100℃ (210°F) and more than 50% of the carboxylic acid functions can lose carbon dioxide over the temperature range 100-200℃(210-390°F). As the temperature of the thermal treatment is increased to the range 200-370℃(390-700°F), coals lose a variety of lower molecular weight organic species (especially aliphatic compounds) which are believed to arise from moieties that are “loosely bound” to the more thermally stable part of the coal structure. Some of the lower molecular weight aromatic species may also be obtained. At higher temperature (i.e., 370℃; 700℃), methane (indicative of the thermal destruction of the coal structure), polycyclic aromatics, phenols, and nitrogen compounds are produced.; The thermal decomposition of coal under nonoxidizing conditions produces a residue (coke) which consists of carbon and mineral matter and during this process the coal passes through several stages. Thus, heated coal generally becomes pl