大学英语四级考试作文辅导(主题句+扩展句+结尾句)课件.ppt

大学英语四级考试作文辅导 第一讲 主题句扩展句和结尾句 主题句、扩展句、结尾句的写作特点与技巧 一、主题句：要想写好段落，首先要写好主题句。 1.主题句的构成 2.写好主题句的方法 ①完整的句子，而不是短语。 ②紧扣文章的主题。 ③内容具体 ④注意选定几个关键词 3.主题句的写作技巧 4.主题句的位置 1.主题句的构成 由主题和作者的观点两部分构成。 作者的观点就是我们通常所说的关键词 （1） 做合格大学生的必要性 （2） 做合格大学生的必备条件（可以德智体等方面谈） （3） 我打算这样做 ☆ It is very necessary to be a good university student.(议论体主题句) ☆ There are several respects of necessities to be a good university student.（说明体的主题句） ☆ What I will do in the future is the following.（描述题的主题句） 2.写好主题句的方法 ①完整的句子，而不是短语：那些不能表达一个完整思想的词组或短语，不能作为段落的主题句。如： A) Worries about population pressure. (残缺句) B) Worries about population pressure are far from new. （完整句） A) How to drive a car. ( X ) B) Anyone can learn how to drive a car. ( √ ) A) Five easy steps in changing a tire. ( X ) B) There are five easy steps in changing a tire. ( √ )　　 上面三组中的Ａ句都不是完整的句子，因此都不能用作主题句。 ②主题句必须紧扣文章的主题:文章各段的主题句应该紧紧围绕文章的中心思想，从不同的方面对文章的主题进行论述。例如下面这篇文章： POLLUTION　　 1. Pollution is becoming more serious all over the world. Part of this problem is the worlds exploding population. A growing population undoubtedly means more factories polluting the air. Besides, land and water pollution has also increased. Pollution is, in fact, threatening our health, our happiness, and our very civilization. 　　2.People are now showing a real concern over this problem. Scientists are urging that drastic solution be worked out before it is too late, and the public are demanding that government take firm action against polluters. The earth is our home and we must take care of it--for ourselves and for the next generation. 　　3.Fortunately, measures have been taken to cope with the situation. First, many countries are making efforts to bring down the birth rate. Also, new laws have been passed to exercise strict controls over industrial pollutants. In addition, more sewage treatment plants are being built, and new pollution-control devices developed. Doing all this will enable us to have a cleaner world.