真菌几丁质合酶的研究进展.PDFVIP

微生物学通报 FEB 20, 2008, 35(2) 267~271 Microbiology ©2008 by Institute of Microbiology, CAS tongbao@ 专论与综述 真菌几丁质合酶的研究进展 冯贻安 崔志峰* ( 310032) 摘 要: 真菌细胞壁几丁质的合成是一个复杂的过程, 其关键酶为几丁质合酶(CS) 。近年来, 丝 状真菌中的CS 研究有了大的突破, 与酿酒酵母中只有3 种CS 不同, 丝状真菌中存在7 种类别的 CS 。大部分临床和农业中重要的病原真菌都是丝状真菌, 文中对真菌中 7 种类别 CS 的结构和功 能作了概述, 重点讨论了丝状真菌中重要的CS 类别, 并介绍了CS 作为抗真菌药物有效靶标的研 究现状, 旨在为研究真菌CS 及其抑制剂提供参考。 关键词: 真菌细胞壁, 几丁质合酶, 基因敲除, 感染性 Progress in the Studies of Fungal Chitin Synthases * FENG Yi-An CUI Zhi-Feng (College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032) Abstract: Chitin is one of the most important component in fungal cell wall. Biosynthesis of chitin is a complex processes and needs several chitin synthase isoenzymes. The knowledge of structure, function and regulation of chitin synthases is mainly derived from the study of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In contrast with the 3 chitin synthases in S. cerevisiae, 7 were found in most filamentous fungi. In this re- view the classification and function of chitin synthases are summerized, and progress in the studies on chitin synthases of filamentous fungi which are of theoretical or medical or agricultural importance, in- cluding Aspergillus nidulans , Aspergillus fumigatus and Ustilago maydis are emphasized. Recent ad- vance of research on chitin synthase as antifungal target is also discussed. Keywords: Fungal cell wall,