语言学基本入门介绍.ppt

Introduction to Linguistics(语言学) A required course for the English major, one of the required specialist (专家)courses on the MOE English major course list; A better understanding of language, from various perspectives（观点）; A better trained mind, from doing a systematic（系统的，有规则的）science. Difference with the Freshmen course Taught in English Textbook written in English Content（内容） more demanding（很费心的，很费力的） Possible difficulties Terminology（术语） Theoretical thinking System of knowledge Problem-solving Textbook 《语言学教程》 胡壮麟主编 北京大学出版社 E-book: –资源中心—课堂教学 Teaching Lectures Discussion Assignments（分配）: short essays, analysis of linguistic data（资料）. Learning Participation Reading and understanding textbooks Doing exercises and assignments（工作，任务） Developing the ability of logical（逻辑的） thinking Assessment（评价，评估） Coursework: 30%. Consists of attendance and assignments after each chapter. End-of-term exam: 70%. 1. Why Study Language? myths（神话） or fundamental views? Language is a tool to other fields of knowledge rather than a subject in and of itself. Language is only a means of communication. Language has a form-meaning correspondence（通信）. The function of language is to exchange information. English is more difficult to learn than Chinese. Black English is not standard and should be reformed. Children learn their native language swiftly, efficiently and without instruction. Language operates by rules. All languages have three major components: a sound system（语音系统）, a system of lexicogrammar（词汇语法系统） and a system of semantics（语义系统）. Everyone speaks a dialect. Language slowly changes. Speakers of all languages employ a range of styles（语体） and a set of jargons（行话）. Languages are intimately related to the societies and individuals who use them. Writing is derivative（衍生） of speech. Linguistics can be used as a way of finding out more about … How language operates (chapter 2-5) speech sounds morpheme to phrase word to text meaning How the