跨文化交际2 larry.ppt

Communication Between Cultures7th ed. Larry A. Samovar San Diego State University, Emeritus Richard E. Porter California State University, Long Beach, Emeritus Chapter 2 Overview The Deep Structure of Culture? Social institutions that identify us? Family as an institution, family’s influence? Cultural variants in families? Country (history) as an institution, history’s influence Social institutions influence in three primary areas:  ? family ? state (community, country, history) ? religion (spirituality, worldview)  Enduring quality of major institutions? Transmit wisdom, traditions, customs that make a culture unique? Unfortunately, may also extend bitterness, distrust,  hatreds Examples of cultural clashes due to differences in deep structure beliefs? American Indians protesting sports mascots? Ongoing hatred of Kurds in Turkey, Iran, Iraq? Albanians’ independence from Serbia in Kosovo? Han Chinese vs Muslim Hui in China? Ethnic cleansing in Darfur Cultures’ differing views on relations between… ? God and man ? individual and group ? citizen and state ? parents and children ? man and woman / husband and wife and relative importance of… ? rights and responsibilities ? liberty and authority ? equality and hierarchy Huntington Identity is learned through socialization? Variety of identities based on “I” / based on “we”? Ethnic and cultural identities  views we share with our in-groups? Membership in family, faith, community identifies us Family as an institution ? First and chief socializing agent? Oldest, most fundamental of all human institutions ? Most basic unit of society, most basic unit of government? Universal Family defined? Single definition difficult due to wide variety of  family forms? Good general definition: A group of intimates who generate a sense of home and group identity, complete with stron