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通常是一个见证时间的副词
常考点清单一 时间状语从句
when.while和as
1.when既可引导一个持续动作,也可引导一个短暂动作,可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。如:
When I lived there,I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.
我住在那里时,星期天常到海滨去。
When the film ended,the people went back.
电影一结束,看电影的人便回去了。
当when引导的时问状语从句为系表结构,而且其主语和主句的主语一致,其表语又是一个名词时,就可以用以as引导的省略句来代替when引导的从句。如:
As“young man(=When he was a young man),he was fondof hunting.他年轻时,喜欢打猎。
2.while引导的动作必须是持续性的,侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。如:
Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.
别人在工作时,别高声谈话。
While 1 was wondering at this,our schoolmaster took hisplace.正当我对此不解时,我们校长就座了。
3.as引导一个持续性动作,多用于主句和从句动作同时发生。如:
He hurried home,looking behind。as he.went.
他匆匆忙忙跑回家去,一边走一边回头望。
John sings as he works.约翰一边工作,一边唱歌。
4.when还可用作并列连词,其意义为“在那时,在这时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式:①Somebody wasdoing something when…;②Somebody was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing something when…;⑧Somebody had just donesomething when…o如:
We were having a meeting when someone broke in.
We were about to set off on our way,when it suddenly beganto rain.
此外,when还表示原因,“既然”。如:
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walkthere in five minutes.
既然你步行5分钟能到那里,却坐出租车,真够愚蠢的。
5.while作为并列连词,意为“而,却”,表示对比:如:
He hkes pop music.while I a13a fond of folk music。
他喜欢流行音乐.而我却喜欢民间音乐:
6.如果主句表示的是短暂动作.而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时问内正在进行的动作时,when,while与as可互换使用。如:
When/While/As 1 was walking down the street.I canle acrossan old、friend of mine.
当我沿大街行走时,我碰巧遇到了一个老朋友。
二、as soon as,immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,the minute,the instant,no sooner…than…,hardly/scarcely…when…和once(……·就……) 这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即就发生,常译为“一…·就……”。从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。如:
Once you remember it,you’11 never forget it.
The moment I heard the voice.I knew father was coming.
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
注意:no sooner…than…;hardly/scarcely…when…这一结构的时态搭配:no so
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