非谓词动词的案例研究.docVIP

语法复习专题 非谓语动词 概念：在句中不充当谓语角色的动词形式，它的划分有两种标准（一）：不定式；分词（过去分词与现在分词）；动名词 （二）：不定式；v-ing.形式；过去分词. 一、考点聚焦 1、非谓语动词的句法功能 名称 形式 语 法 功 能 主语 宾语 宾语补足语 表语 定语 状语 不定式 to do/to be done √ √ √ √ √ √ to be doing √(经常) √ to have(been) done √ √ 动名词 doing √ √ √ √ 现在分词 doing √ √ √ √ having(been) done √(动作完成) 过去分词 done √ √ √ √可代替 having been done 2、动词不定式复习中应注意的几个问题 （1）不定式作表语与“be + to do sth.”的异同。不定式作表语说明主语的内容或性质。 His job is to guard.(说明内容) The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,＿＿＿＿＿it more difficult.　　A. not make　　　 B. not to make 　 C. not making 　　　D. do not make Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ________whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen be + to do sth.(表示按计划要做的事，或必将发生的，或表示命令等口吻) 翻译: 这项计划得提前三天完成. （2）带不定式作宾语的词语，构成v.+ to do 形式。 下列词语常不定式作宾语：afford、promise、refuse、expect、hope、learn、offer、wish、want、fail、plan、agree、forget、like、prefer、decide、manage、try、arrange、determine、desire等。 We agreed　　here but so far she hasnt turned up yet. 　 A. having met　　　B. meeting　 C. to meet　　　D .to have met I don’t know whether you happen , but I’m going to study in the U.S.A. this September . (2004高考辽宁卷) A．to be heard B．to be hearing C．to hear D．to have heard 下列动词后可接疑问词+不定式，构成decide what to do ..,wonder how to deal with sth.等形式：teach、decide、wonder、show、learn、forget、ask、find、out、advise、discuss等。 示例: 1). Ive worked with children before , so I know what ________in my new job.　　A．expect ed B．to expect　 C．to be expecting D．expects 2). It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows________. A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it 3). The mother didn t know ___to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. A. who B. when C. how D. what （3）如何理解和使用不定式作宾补。 动词see、watch、notice、hear、listen to、observe、feel、taste、smell、make、let、have等的