肯尼迪时代美苏关系课件.pptVIP

Cold War political and military tension This began after the success of their temporary wartime alliance against Nazi Germany, leaving the USSR and the US as two superpowers with profound economic and political differences. Marshall PlanCOMECON The post-war recovery of Western Europe was facilitated by the United States Marshall Plan. While the Soviet Union, wary of the conditions attached, declined and set up COMECON with its Eastern allies. NATOWarsaw Pact In 1949,the United States forged NATO, a military alliance using containment of communism as a main strategy through the Truman Doctrine. While the Soviet bloc formed the Warsaw Pact in 1955. The Cold War was so named as it never featured direct military action, since both sides possessed nuclear weapons, and because their use would probably guarantee their mutual assured destruction. Cycles of relative calm would be followed by high tension which could have led to war. the Berlin Blockade（封锁） (1948–1949) the Korean War (1950–1953) the Vietnam War (1959–1975) the Berlin Crisis of 1961 the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) the Soviet war in Afghanistan (1979–1989) Cold War (1953–1962) In January1953,Dwight D. Eisenhower[aiz?n,hau?]（艾森豪威尔） was sworn in as U.S. President. And in the same year, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin passed away and Khrushchev [kru?t??:f]（赫鲁晓夫） came to power. the U.S.A Under Eisenhower, the United States Cold War policy remained essentially unchanged. Whilst a thorough rethinking of foreign policy was launched (known as Operation Solarium), the majority of emerging ideas (such as a rollback of Communism and the liberation of Eastern Europe) were quickly regarded as unworkable. An underlying focus on the containment of Soviet communism remained to inform the broad approach of U.S. foreign policy. I think most of our people cannot understand that we are actually at war. They need to hear shells. They are not psychologically prepared for the concept that you can have a war when you dont have act