word组胚教案.doc

四川大学八年制教案（Histology Embryology） 1.视盘 3.螺旋器 5.视杆 2.黄斑 4.壶腹嵴 6.视锥 （三）问答题: 1、角膜的组织结构有何特点？损伤后会产生哪些后果？ 2、试述视网膜的组织结构及其三组神经元的相互关系？ 3、比较视杆细胞和视锥细胞的异同？ （四）作业 下图为视网膜在高倍镜下的结构草图，请您在图上注明下列结构：色素上皮 层、视杆视锥层、外界膜、外核层、外网层、内核层、内网层、节细胞层、神经纤 维层、内界膜 ―第 100页共 189 页―  四川大学八年制教案（Histology Embryology） Chapter 12 ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Objectives In this chapter, the following are examined: 1. The general structural characteristics of endocrine glands. 2. Histological structure and function of thyroid gland. 3. The division of adrenal gland .The structural characteristic and function of each zone of adrenal cortex. 4. The structural characteristic and function of each cell type of pars distalis. 5. The relationship between hypothalamus and adenohypophysis– the hypophyseal portal system. The structural characteristic of neurohypophysis, and the relationship with the hypothalamus. Section I Outline on Lecture I. General characteristics 1. Glandular cells are arranged in cords, clusters, follicles, or reticula. 2. Have no duct, rich in capillary 3. Hormones: The secretions of endocrine glands are called hormones. Type of hormone: ?Nitrogenous hormone - amino acid derivatives, amine, peptides proteins (RER, Golgi complex, granules). ?Steroid hormone–steroid hormone secreting cell EM: Its cytoplasm is rich in SER, mitochondria with tubular cristae, lipid droplets. LM: The cytoplasm of this cell is acidophilic or vacuole like if containing a lot of lipid droplets. Targets - receptors: ?Nitrogenous hormones — receptors are in the cell membrane. ?Steroid hormones — receptors are in the cytoplasm. ?remote endocrine, paracrine and autocrine ―第 101页共 189 页―  四川大学八年制教案（Histology Embryology） II. Thyroid 1. Capsule: LCT, septa, rich in capillary network 2. Parenchyma is composed of follicles and parafollicular cells. (1) Follicles ?Consist of a simple epithelial sphere (range from squamous to low columnar) whose lumen contains acidophilic colloid (glycoprotein).