rerevised2课件.ppt

Lecture Two Auditory Effect Between CP and EP;I. The Auditory Effects of C P;2. Effects achieved by possession of fixed tones of the characters i)Each syllable in Chinese is pronounced in a fixed tone. Four tones :( 平，上，去，入) level, rising , falling and entering. Those tones differ from each other not only in pitch, but in length and movement. ;ii)The first tone is relatively long and keeps to the same pitch ; the other three are relatively short , and, as their respective names indicate, move upward or downward in pitch, or stop, and stop suddenly. Thus, variation in tones involves not only modulation in pitch but contrast between long and short syllables .;iii)The modulation [(声调的)抑扬 ] in pitch plays a role in Chinese verse comparable to that of variation in stress in English verse.;3. Effects achieved by other devices (rime, alliteration, riming compounds, reduplication, onomatopoeia ) 1)rime End-rime occurs in all Chinese verse;3. Effects achieved by other devices alliteration Alliteration in Chinese poetry is usually confined to two syllables and known as Shuang-sheng (Twin Sounds, the word sounds here referring to the initial sounds of the syllables). Quite a few disyllabic words and compounds are alliterative, thus lending themselves easily to musical effect and finding favor with poets. ;Example;;Examples;Another example;3. Effects achieved by other devices reduplication In Chinese, a monosyllabic word is sometimes reduplicated. Such words are called dieci (Reduplicated Words). The use of reduplicated words in poetry has an effect akin to that of riming compounds ;Example;3. Effects achieved by other devices onomatopoeia This occurs quite frequently in Chinese poetry, especially in early poetry. 关关雎鸠，在河之洲 Guan guan, go the ospreys On the islet in the river ;conclusion; Finally, the clear-cut quality of the syllables, the absence of elision(元音省略)and liaison(连唱), and the fact that there are usually few syllables in each line, all ten