车用驱动电机声学舒适性评价方法.docVIP

车用驱动电机声学舒适性评价方法摘要：以某型纯电动公交客车的驱动电机噪声为评价对象，进行双通道噪声信号采集用以便合成立体声来模拟人耳听觉，并按照3 dB的级差逐级衰减噪声信号的声压级以生成噪声样本序列用于人体主观感受的测试。进而通过高保真音频回放逐一考察各噪声样本作用下的人体舒适性/不舒适性主观感受，并以规定的“描述符”对其加以说明，同时采用评分方式进行量化。在此基础上，揭示出主观感受声学舒适性与不舒适性之间的相互关系，并划定出与舒适性感受相对应的噪声样本集合，以之为依据，进一步确立了驱动电机声学舒适性的评价方法。 关键词：电机噪声；声学舒适性/不舒适性；主观感受；评价方法 中图分类号：U467.4+93 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1005-2550（2012）04-0027-05 An Evaluation Method about the Acoustic Comfort of Vehicle-used Electromotor LEI Ying-feng1，2，LI Chuan-bing1，2，YANG Ming-liang3，XING Yong-hu3，LIU Wen-jian3， WU Yu-dong3，DING Wei-ping1，3 （1. State Key Laboratory of Vehicle NVH and Safety Technology，Chongqing 401120，China； 2. Changan Automotive Engineering Institute，Chongqing 401120，China； 3. Institute of Automotive Engineering，Southwest Jiaotong University，Chengdu 610031，China） Abstract： The driving electromotor noise of a pure electric bus was taken as the evaluation object in this paper to simulate human auditory by synthetic stereo with the acquired noise signal of dual channel，and the noise samples series for human subjective test were generated according to the 3dB differential progressive attenuation of noise sound pressure level. Then the paper investigated the human body comfort/discomfort subjective feelings under various noise samples through the high fidelity audio playback，and described them with the ‘descriptor’，and it also quantified them with scores at the same time. On this basis，the paper revealed the correlation between subjective acoustic comfort and discomfort and found out the sample collections with comfort feeling. Based on these，an evaluation criterion of electromotor acoustic comfort was further established. Key words：noise of electromotor；acoustic comfort / discomfort；subjective feeling；evaluation method 电动汽车以驱动电机替代（或部分替代）燃油发动机作为动力源，其车内噪声的主要来源也势必追溯到驱动电机。较之一般工业用电机，车用驱动电机具有大电流、高磁密、调速范围宽、工况复杂和采用变频调速等技术特点，从而使其存在较大噪声的可能性增加［1-3］。 在车用驱动电机的噪声组成中，电磁噪声往往占据主导，一般具有特定的谐次，并主要由单频或较少频率成分构成，其主观感受是一种刺耳的“啸叫”声，即使是在声压级较低的情况下也会造成车内乘员较为强烈的不适感。因此，对驱动电机的