网络基础学习之二》常见局域网拓扑及操作系统（Network basic learning two. Common local area network topology and operating system）.doc

网络基础学习之二》常见局域网拓扑及操作系统（Network basic learning two. Common local area network topology and operating system） Network basic learning two. Common local area network topology and operating system In the last chapter, we introduced the basic classification of the network. This paper mainly introduces several common LAN topologies and network operating systems. First, the common LAN topology In order to realize the interconnection between computers and other devices in the network, they need to be connected in a certain structure. This connection is called topology and, in laymans terms, how these network devices are connected together. At present, the common network topology mainly has the following four major categories: (1) star structure (2) ring type structure (3) bus type structure (4) star type and bus type composite structure We will introduce these network topologies separately. 1. star structure This architecture is one of the most popular applications in LAN, which is almost always adopted in enterprise networks. The star network is almost Ethernet (Ethernet) network is special, it is because each workstation node in the network devices through a network equipment (such as hubs or switches) connected together, each node is distributed star name. The most widely used transmission medium for this type of network is twisted pair, such as the common five kind of wire and over five kinds of twisted pair wires. The basic connection diagram is shown in figure 1. The basic characteristics of this topology network are as follows: (1) easy to implement: the transmission medium is generally using twisted pair universal, the transmission medium is relatively cheap, such as the genuine five UTP per meter is only 1.5 yuan, while the coaxial cable is also the cheapest 2 yuan a metre, not to mention the cable. This topology is mainly used in Ethernet LAN of IEEE 802.2 and IEEE 802.3 standard; (2) node expansion, mobile convenience: node expansion only from the hub or switch cen