二级语法点的新概念.doc

9.?????? 复合句的构成： u?????? 用现在分词构成复合句： 现在分词的动作的主语需与主句的主语一致。 u?????? 用过去分词构成复合句，用语较正式的文体，代替被动语态， Wounded in the war, his are can not move freely. Born in a happy family, he has never tasted the bitterness of life. u?????? 不定式构成复合句，不定式表示目的： ?To buy a new car, the young man saved up for years. I went into the garden to pick some flowers. u?????? 通过从句构成复合句：名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同谓语从句）， 关系从句（定语从句）， 状语从句（时间，地点，原因，条件，方式，目的，结果，比较，让步） 10.?? 复合句： ?????? lose/loose/miss ?????? expect/wait for1.?????? 一般过去时复习： ?????? raise/rise, lay/lie, beat/win 2.?????? 现在完成进行时 形容词变副词： 1．??? 直接在形容词后加-ly, careful-carefully, slow-slowly, 2．? 以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词，把y变I, 加-ly, happy-happily, lucky-luckily 3．? 有些词形容词和副词的形式相同，不需要做任何变化 fast, hard, late 4．? 有些词加上-ly后意思与原词相差很远： near-nearly, high-highly, late-lately, 3.?????? 时态对比：一般过去时，现在完成时，现在完成进行时 ?????? throw to,/throw at/throw away ?????? quite/quiet ?????? cause/reason ?????? drop/fall 4.?????? Some, any的用法 n???????? some, any 修饰可数名词或不可数名词，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句，注意，当期待对方的答案为肯定回答时用some n???????? many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词，在口语中表示很多一般不用many, much, 而用a lot of, 在否定句中表示很多用many, much. I have a lot of money. I don’t have much money. n???????? 当一个名词在词组中表示主要目的时不要定冠词： in bed, at church, at class, college, hospital, market, prison, school, sea, university, go to school/church/work/ go to the cinema/theatre n???????? most表示大多数或非常： Most students came to class today. We are most excited. The most是many/much的比较级，或者构成形容词副词的比较级，只能表示最多或用在形容词或副词前面， ?????? This is the most interesting book I have ever seen.? I have the most books in my class. 5.?????? Would/used to do would do 表示过去习惯的动作，也可以用来表示过去经常性的行为，与used to do有时可以替换。不能替换的情况： n???????? used to do表示与现在强烈对照时，不可以用would I used to get up early every day, but I get up very late now. n???????? used to do描写过去状态，would只表示过去特有的习惯和行为。 I used to be a teacher. I used to have a company. I would walk along the river everyday after dinner. n???????? 一个故事的开头不能用would表示过去习惯的动作，只能用used to do或者一般过去时： When I was a little girl, I always went to the