高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项专练专题三情态动词和虚拟语气课件北师大版.pptVIP

专题三　情态动词和虚拟语气 一、情态动词 1．can和could的用法 (1)表示“能力”。 Even a child can operate the computer，let alone an adult. (2)表示惊讶，常用在否定句和疑问句中。 How could you do such a silly thing? (3)表示可能。 It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it can be rather cold sometimes. (4)cannot... too/enough表示“无论……也不过分”；“越……越好”。 I can’t thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.(2012·陕西高考) 2．may和might的用法 (1)may和might表示“许可、可能性、祝愿”等意义。 ①在给予别人许可时，常用can，但有时也用may。不能用might。 —May I take the book out? —I’m afraid not. ②“may as well＋动词原形”意为“最好；倒不如”。 We may as well stay where we are. (2)may作“可以”讲时，其否定式常用“mustn’t”表示“禁止”；must作“必须”讲时，其否定式是“needn’t”，表示“不必”。 —May I take this book out of the reading room? —No，you mustn’t. You read it in here. 3．must的用法 (1)表示禁止(用于否定句)。 The new law states that people mustn’t drive after drinking alcohol.(2012·上海高考) (2)表示“偏执；固执”。 If you must go，at least wait until the storm is over.(2011·辽宁高考) 4．shall的用法 (1)用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。 —What time shall I pick you up at your house tomorrow，sir? —I haven’t decided on the time.But I will call you. (2)用于第二、第三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。 No driving electric motor bikes in some areas is a rule that you shall obey in Fuzhou. 5．will和would的用法 作情态动词的will，would与作助动词的will，would的各种形式相同。 (1)表示自愿做或主动提出做什么，如意志、愿望或决心等。would用于过去的情况。 —Goodbye，John. Come back again sometime. —Sure. I will.(2012·四川高考) —Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night? —I wanted to，but my mom simply would not let me out so late at night. (2)will可以表示一种习惯性的动作，有“总是”或“总要”之意。 Every morning he will have a walk along this river. (3)would可以表示过去的习惯性动作，比used to正式，但没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。 When we worked in the same firm several years ago，we would often go to the cinema together. 6．情态动词＋have＋过去分词 (1)can/could have done表示“本来可以做，而实际上未做”或者“过去可能”，疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为表示怀疑或不肯定，其中can’t have done多用于语气强烈的否定，意为“不可能做过”。 —Do you know where David is？I couldn’t find him anywhere. —Well.He can’t have gone far—his coat’s still here. I could have saved the poor rabbit，but