大学英语4级 - 语法.ppt

大学英语四级-语法篇;时态复习; 时 态 ;;;非谓语动词;非谓语动词-不定式 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;动名词;一)动名词的形式:;二) 动名词常考的点;4)有些词后只能接动名词;另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法;5 有些词后加不定式和动名词均可;;prefer的用法：;分 词;;;;;虚拟语气;三种基本形式;if的省略;If only;I wish;Would rather;It is (high) time that…...;It’s important that…...;I insist that;这些动词和名词后的从句为should+V;My suggestion…...;but for, otherwise, without;情态动词;1. 情态动词的一般用法： ;?? can/could 与be able to 用法比较 1）be able to 除有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时外，还可有现在完成时、不定式、动词-ing 形式等。 This is the information I’ve been able to get so far. To be able to ride a bike, she practiced a lot. Just being able to drive a horse, a cart isn’t much help to us. 2) could表示过去总的、经常性的能力；was/were able to 表示过去具体情况下具有的能力，并且做了某动作。 He could speak French, so he was able to show the French lady the way. 3) 表示将来的能力常用will be able to. When will you be able to take us to town? ;(2)??? 表示许可：can/could, may/might; can’t, may not, mustn’t, must not;(3)??? 表示可能性：may/might, can/could, must; can’t;（4）表示必须和需要：must, have to, need ;3) need 表示动作者“需要”、“有必要”，用于否定句或疑问句；肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t。 Need he go now? Yes, he must. No he needn’t. l?????? need 常用作实义动词。 You need to learn the value of time. You didn’t need to tell him the news. Does she need to go? ? ;（5）表示责任和劝告: should, ought to, must, had better ;（6）表示建议：shall，may/might as well, may/might just as well ;(7)??? 表示许诺：shall;(8)??? 表示意愿：shall, will/would;2)????? will/would 表示动作者愿意。 I will lend you the book if you need it. I won’t do it again. I have been trying to open the door, but the key won’t turn. l?????? “will you/would you…” 在下列句中表示客气的建议、询问。 Will you please have a drink? Would you please pass me the salt? Would you like a cup of tea? Would you mind if I opened the window? Would you mind opening the window? Would you mind my opening the window? l?????? would 还表示过去的习惯。等于used to On Sundays he would get up early and go fishing. ?;(9)表示勇敢：dare ;2. 情态动词的特殊用法;2) should/ought to + have + 动词的过去分词。 用于肯定句：评论过去“应该做”而实际并未做的动作，意为“本应该”。 I didnt ask her. It’s a pity. You shou