基于电磁超声换能器的火车轮探伤研究.PDFVIP

第 34 卷 第 2 期 Vol. 34, No.2 2015 年3 月 Journal of Applied Acoustics March, 2015 ⋄ 研究报告⋄ 基于电磁超声换能器的火车轮探伤研究 齐英豪 (钢铁研究总院 北京 100081) 摘要 利用电磁超声探伤方法对检测火车轮表面及近表面缺陷进行实验探究，从而保证车轮质量，避免事故 发生。文章介绍了火车车轮电磁超声探伤的原理和方法。根据电磁超声表面波辐射扩散角的分布情况，得出 利用电磁超声表面波进行车轮踏面探伤的可行性。将制作的小巧换能器探头与便携式电磁超声探伤仪配合， 能够实现对车轮的快速探伤检测。通过大量的车轮探伤实验，检出了典型车轮踏面缺陷。根据检测波形特点 并结合生产工艺情况，分析得出产生缺陷的原因。研究表明：电磁超声无损检测方法能够快速、有效检出车轮 踏面缺陷。 关键词 电磁超声换能器，表面波，火车轮，踏面 中图分类号: TP216 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-310X(2015)02-0102-05 DOI: 10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2015.02.002 Inspection of train wheels with electromagnetic acoustic transducer QI Yinghao (Central Iron Steel Research Institute, Beijing , China) Abstract An experimental investigation on train wheels surface and near surface defects is made by the electromagnetic acoustic flaw detection methods. Thus it ensures the quality of the wheels and avoids the accident. The theory and method of electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) for inspection of train wheel treads are introduced in this paper. On the basis of the radiation diffusion angle distribution of Rayleigh wave in treads, the inspection is feasible. The rapid wheel inspection can be realized with our mini EMAT and portable electromagnetic acoustic detector. Several typical tread defects are detected through a lot of experiments. The causes of defects are analyzed according to waveform characteristics and production process. It is concluded that the tread defects can be quickly and effectively detected with EMAT technique. Key words EMAT, Ray