三级试讲-虚拟语气用法和专项练习.docx.docVIP

虚拟语气用法及专项练习题 虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种： 一、基本形式和用法 假设类型 条件从句谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式 与现在的 事实相反 If +动词过去式 Should（ Would 、could、might）+动词原形 与过去的 事实相反 If +had +过去分词 Should（ Would 、could、might）+have +过去分词 与将来的 事实可能相反 If +were to +动词原形 If +should +动词原形 Should（ Would 、could、might）+动词原形 1．If he had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall. 2．If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately. 3．If you should lose, what would you do? 4．If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her the truth. 5．If I’d known that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country. 二、if 的省略形式 if 条件句中如果有were, should, had, 可以省去if, 并使用倒装句序。 Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,…) 三、含蓄条件句 有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如： Without water, fish would not live. But for your help, I wouldn’t have passed CET6. 四、错综时间的虚拟语气 ?? 有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如： 1. If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now. 2. If I were you, I would have gone home. ? 五、在Suggest, advise 等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下： Suggest（, advise, recommend, demand, require, insist, urge, request, order, ask, move, propose等）+that…(should )+动词原形 注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。 He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking. 上述动词的名词形式出现时，that 引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。 He made a request that they (should ) stop smoking. ?六、It is (was )+necessary, a pity 等+that引导的从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下： It is (was) + important（, natural, necessary, essential, strange,等 ） +that…(should) + 动词原形 It is important that you (should) follow the doctor’s orders. 七、wish的用法 动词过去式或were—与现在事实相反 主语+wish(that)+主语 + 动词过去完成式—与过去事实相反 助动词过去式+动词原形—与将来事实相反 1. I wish I were a pop singer. (=I am sorry I am not a pop singer..) 2. I wish I had never stopped teaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.) 3. I wish they’d let us get some sleep. 八、as if, as though, would(had) rather(that)引导的从句须用虚拟语气， 1. He acts as if nothing had happened. 2. I would rather you