化学盐类水解（Chemical hydrolysis of salts）.docVIP

化学盐类水解（Chemical hydrolysis of salts） Seven. Hydrolysis of salts (only hydrolysis of water soluble salts) 1, hydrolysis of salts: generating weak electrolyte in aqueous salt ion combined with water out of the ionization ionization out of the H+ or OH- reaction. The essence of 2, hydrolysis of salt solution: the ionization ion binding with water ionization out of H+ or OH-, ionization damage water, balance is the right move, promote the ionization of water. 3 、 hydrolysis rule of salt: There are weak hydrolysis, no weak hydrolysis, the weaker the more hydrolysis; who is stronger than others, and two are weak hydrolysis, the same strong significant neutral. When the concentration of the polybasic weak acid radical is the same, the acid radical is larger than the acid radical, and the alkali is stronger. (for example, Na2CO3 NaHCO3) 4, hydrolysis of salt characteristics: (1) reversible (and neutralization reaction reciprocal) (2) small degree (3) endothermic 5. Influence of external factors on hydrolysis of salts: Temperature: the higher the temperature, the greater the degree of hydrolysis (hydrolysis heat absorption, the more heat the more hydrolysis) Concentration: the smaller the concentration, the greater the degree of hydrolysis (the more dilute, the more hydrolysis) PH: promotes or inhibits hydrolysis of salt (H+ promotes hydrolysis of anions and inhibits cation hydrolysis; OH - promotes cation hydrolysis and inhibits hydrolysis of anions) 6, the pH value of acid salt solution: Ionization only: HSO4- is acidic Ionization degree hydrolysis degree is obvious acidity (such as: HSO3-, H2PO4-) The degree of hydrolysis ionization degree is obvious alkaline (such as: HCO3-, HS-, HPO42-) 7 、 double hydrolysis reaction: (1) the hydrolysis of anions and cations that make up salt can be hydrolyzed. The double hydrolysis reaction promotes each other, the hydrolysis degree is bigger, and some even hydrolyze completely. Shift the balance to the right. (2) the common double