智能天线（smart antenna）.doc

智能天线（smart antenna） Analysis of the working principle of smart antenna technology, features and technical advantages Smart antenna (SmartAntenna or IntelligentAntenna) was first applied in radar, sonar and military communication field. In recent years, the rapid development of modern digital signal processing technology, DSP chip processing capacity is declining and continuously improve the chip prices, making use of digital technology in the baseband forming antenna beam become feasible, prompting the smart antenna technology is widely used in wireless communication. The smart antenna can significantly improve the system performance and capacity, and increase the flexibility of antenna system, the future of almost all the advanced mobile communication system will adopt the technology. To improve the performance of smart antenna system principle The smart antenna is divided into two categories: multi beam antenna and adaptive antenna array. A plurality of parallel beam covers the entire user area using multi beam antenna, pointing to each beam is fixed, the beam width with the antenna element number is determined. When the user moves in the area, the base station to select the corresponding beam different, the received signal is the strongest. Because the user does not necessarily signal beam in the center, when the user is located at the edge of a beam and jamming signal is located in the center of the beam, the receiving effect is the worst, so multi beam antenna can achieve signal reception, normally used as a receiving antenna. But compared with adaptive antenna array, multi beam antenna has the advantages of simple structure, without the advantages of determining user signal direction of arrival. Adaptive antenna array is usually 4 ~ 16 antenna array structure, array element spacing is half wavelength. Antenna element distribution is linear, circular and planar. Adaptive antenna array is the main type of smart antenna, the user can complete the signal sending a