小升初系统语法衔接概要.ppt

小升初衔接语法;1.冠词;;;冠词中的三兄弟 a an the ;;.不定冠词的用法 口诀： 不定冠词两变体，用a或an都表“一”； 可数名词首次提，何人何物不具体； 某类人、物任一个，有时还要表“每一”。;选用方法：a or an？;难点：1特殊以元音字母开头确不能用an的单词;;;;;2.名词;;词汇：名词;可数名词的复数;;不可数名词;名词所有格;;;3.代词;;代词;一、人称代词;二、物主代词;二、物主代词;三、反身代词;三、反身代词;四、指示代词;四、指示代词;五、疑问代词;4.动词; 动词的分类;Be动词;Be 动词的用法;2. Be动词在时态中的运用 1）在一般现在时中 I am a doctor. 2)在现在进行时中 We are talking. ;3.在There be 句型中的用法 1）There is a pen on the desk. 2）There is some water in the glass. 3）There are some sheep in the hill.;4）There was a book on the desk yesterday. 5）There is going to be a film in our school next Sunday. ;助动词;助动词的用法;情态动词;1. can / could 1）在表示有能力做某事时，could 是can 的过去式。 I can swim. I could swim at the age of five. 2）在表示请求允许的时候两者可互换，could比 can语气更委婉。 Can I help you? Could you open the window?; ; 3.may 1）表示请求、许可、可以 May I ask you some questions? May we start now? 4. Should 1）表“应该” Who should I meet this afternoon? You should pack your bag quickly. ;系动词;实义动词;注意：掌握四种形式的变化规律 1）I like the book. 2) He works in the office. 3) We will dance. 4) we are dancing now.;英语动词的基本形式及变化规则;1.单三形式变化规则;（2）以字母s, x, ch , sh 结尾的动词加- es, 读/ iz/ , 在d后读/ dz/. guess → guesses， teach → teaches， 以o结尾的动词也加es，读/ z /。 go → goes ;（3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词， 先变y为 i，再加-es，读/ z /。 fly → flies carry → carries 特殊： be → is have → has do → does ; 2.动词- ing形式的构成;（3）以闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只 有一个辅音字母，应先双写这一字母， 再加-ing. get → getting，sit → sitting， put →putting，run → running， begin → beginning ;;4.规则动词过去式的构成;（3）结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词， 先变“y”为“i”再加-ed. study → studied，carry → carried （4）词尾-ed的读音 在浊辅音和元音后面读为/ d / . called，moved ii 在浊辅音后面读为/ t / . finished ,helped iii 在/ t / , / d /音后面读为/ id / . wanted ,shouted;(5)不规则动词过去式 常见的不规则动词的过去式有: am/is →was, are →were ,go →went, have → had, do → did, get → got, come → came, say → said, s