我国因工伤害预防政策与国际经验研究.PDFVIP

Theoretical Discussion / 理论研讨/ 我国因工伤害预防政策 与国际经验研究* ■张军 武玉宁 刘璐 【摘要】工伤预防可以从根本上保障职工的生命权和健康权，有效地减少残疾的发生， 降低人力资源和经济资源的浪费。我国工伤预防政策自建国以来逐步发展，已取得显著成效。 下一步应借鉴国外的经验作法，从提高用人单位的工伤预防意识、全面启动工伤预防工作、 建立健全工伤预防机制、完善工伤保险费率机制、建立工伤信息交换机制与数据分析处理 系统等方面入手，以更好地开展工伤预防，减少残疾发生，提高国民健康水平。 【关键词】因工伤害；预防政策；国际经验 A Study on Occupational Injury Prevention Policies in China and Its International Experience ZHANG Jun, WU Yu-ning, LIU Lu 【 】Occupational injury prevention is a fundamental method to protect workers’ Abstract right of life and right of health, which could reduce disability rate and wastes of human resources and economic resources. China’s occupational injury prevention policies have been developed since founding of the PRC, and have achieved remarkable results. China should learn more from foreign countries’ experience and further enhance occupational injury preventions, in order to decrease incidence of disability and improve citizens’ health. Measures should taken in terms of improving companies’ prevention awareness, launching occupational injury prevention works, establishing occupational injury prevention mechanism, improving occupational injury insurance premium rate mechanism and setting up information exchange system and its data analysis. 【 】Occupational injury; Prevention policies; International experience Key words [ 中图分类号 ]R135 [ 文献标识码 ]A [ 文章编号 ]2095-0810(2014)15-0003-08 引言 预防体系目的是通过干预手段，最大程度地减少对 因工伤害是指因工作原因对个人造成的伤害， 人的伤害，减控残疾发生。工伤预防既是伤害预防 一般会产生三种后果，一是经医疗后可痊愈 ；二是 体系的主要组成部分，也是工伤保险制度的重要内 经治疗后仍有部分或全部劳动能力丧失，按照工 容。国际劳工组织曾经估算过，全球每年因工伤和职 伤保险评残标准