小RNA家族的新成员_piRNA.pdfVIP

HEREDITAS (Beijing) 2008 1 30(1): 28 ―34 ISSN 0253-9772 综 述 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2008.00028 RNA —piRNA 郭艳合 刘立 蔡荣 钱程 , , , , , 310018 : microRNA (miRNA) 和small interfering RNA(siRNA)在真核生物生命活动的基本过程中发挥着重要的调节 作用。随着对siRNA 和miRNA 研究的不断深入, 最近科学家在研究大鼠雄性精子时发现哺乳动物睾丸内存在 另一种新型的小 RNA 分子, 该分子在精子发生过程中起着重要的生理调节作用, 该种小分子 RNA 被命名为 piRNA, 在功能、分布和分子特征等方面piRNA 较miRNA 和siRNA 存在着显著的不同, 对piRNA 深入研究有 望揭示出机体内在的基因表达调节机制。 : piRNA; Miwi; Piwi; piRC; 精子发生 piRNA: A novel member of small RNA family GUO Yan-He, LIU Li, CAI Rong, QIAN Cheng Xin Yuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology , College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China Abstract: It has been demonstrated that microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA(siRNA) play an important role in the basically physiological regulation of eukaryotic organisms. With the intensive study on siRNA and miRNA, scientists recently have discovered that there exists a novel type of small RNA named as piRNA in the mammalian testes, which is essential for physiological modulation of spermiogenesis and different from miRNA or siRNA in functions, gene distribu- tions and characteristics. It is well believed that the more intensive research on piRNA will throw light on the delicate mechanisms of gene expression modulation for eukaryotic species. Keywords: piRNA; Miwi; Piwi; piRC; spermiogenesis [1] RNA , RNA(non-coding RNA, ncRNA), ncRNA , ; mRNA 2006 mRNA ncRNA ncRNA RNA