青少年从事科学职业的意愿及其影响因素.pdfVIP

36 中国科技论坛 (2015 年3 月)第3 期 青少年从事科学职业的意愿 及其影响因素 薛品1 ， 2 ，赵延东l ，王素3 (1.中国科学技术发展战略研究院，北京 1∞038; 2. 南开大学经济与社会发展研究院，天津 3ω071; 3. 中国教育科学研究院，北京 1∞088) 摘 要:本研究利用一项全国城市中小学生的调查数据，展示了城市中小学生将来从事科学职业的意愿， 并探讨了可能的影响因素。研究分别考察了青少年个人、同辈群体、家庭和学校四个不同层次因素对其 从事科学职业意愿的影响。研究发现个人层次的各种因素对青少年职业意愿都有影响，男生、成绩较好 及喜欢科学课和科学活动的学生将来更想当科学家;同辈群体也有显著的正面影响;家长对科学的态度 对青少年影响显著，家庭社会经济地位、家庭文化资本影响不显著;学校在科学教育方面的投入影响不 显著。 关键词:科学职业期望;青少年;影响因素 中图分类号: C939 文献标识码:A WiIlingness and Factors of Adolescents to Become Scientists 1 2 1 3 Xue Pin • , Zhao Yandong , Wang SU ( 1. Institute of Science , Technology and Society , Chinese Academy of Science and Technology for Development , Beijing , 10∞38; 2. College of Economics and Social Development , Nankai University , Tianjin , 300071; 3. National Institute of Education Sciences , Beiji吨， 1αJ088 ) Abstract: This article demonstrates the willingness of primary and junior high school students to become scientists when they grow up by using survey data from urban school and explore possible factors. It examines the impact of factors from individual level , peer level , family level and school level. The study finds that boys and students who have greater interests and better academic achievement in sci- ence/maths have higher willingness to become scientists. Peer group also has positive effect. Parents attitudes toward science have posi- tive impacts , but other family factors have no obvious efIect. And school input of science education has no efIect either. Ke