化工四大化学(专业)11DefinitionsandPrinciples(课堂讲义)分析.ppt

* Formation of other dimensionless groups if b and f are kept, the result is (1.51) * 4. Named dimensionless groups Some dimensionless groups occur with such frequency that they have been given names and special symbols. A list of the most important ones is given in Appendix 2(p1066-1067). * 1.4 BASIC CONCEPTS 1. Equations of State of Gases 2. Material balance 3. Energy balance * A pure gas consisting of n mol and held at a temperature T and pressure p will fill a volume V. A equation that express the relation of these 4 variables are called equations of state. 1. Equations of State of Gases Ideal gas law (1.56) * virial equation Or compressibility factor molar density * Partial pressures * 2. Material balances The law of conservation of matter states that matter cannot be created or destroyed. 3. Energy balances Input = output + accumulation if conditions are steady input = output * Summary 1. Concept of unit operations 2. Unit systems 3. Dimensional analysis 4. Basic concept * * 4. Course objectives Understand the basic principles of and equipment of the unit operations. Include designing or selection of devices. operation, maintenance and simple trouble-shooting of various unit operations. * 1.2 UNIT SYSTEMS 1. SI Units 2. CGS Units centimeter-gram-second (cgs) 3. FPS Units foot-pound-second (fps) 4. Conversion of units 5. Units and equations * 1. SI Units five of the base units of SI 1. The standard of mass is the kilogram (kg) 2. The standard of length is the meter (m) 3. The standard of time is the second (s) 4. The standard of temperature is the kelvin (K) 5. The standard of amount of a substance is the mole (mol) * Unit of force: newton (N) Unit of work and energy: joule (J) (newton-meters) Unit of power: watt (W) (joule per second). The standard gravity acceleration Derived units of SI * 2. CGS Units The standard for mass is the gram (g), defined by 1 g 1×10–3 kg (1.16) The standard for