商务英语翻译(第二讲)分析.pptx

商务英语翻译;一. 英汉句子结构差异 英语：形合型（hypotaxis)语言，以主谓结构为主干，通过大量反映形式关系的动词不定式、分词、介词、连词、关系代词、关系副词等把句子其他成分架起来，呈现出由中心向外扩展的空间图式。 汉语：意合型 (parataxis)语言，通过多个动词的连用或“流水句”，按时间顺序，一件一件事情叙述，呈现的是一个时间顺序的流水图式。 英语句子结构是语法的，汉语句子结构是语义的。;1. 英语重形合，汉语重意合。 It was quite late when the sales representatives got back, nearly eleven o’clock in the evening. 销售人员回来时已经很晚，将近晚上十一点了。 Why waste breath on them, who have turned such an unwilling ear? （既然）他们不愿意听，何必对其白费口舌呢？;例： Monetarists, led by University of Chicago Professor Emeritus Friedman armed themselves with evidence showing that free markets on their own produce as much growth and employment as an economy can sustain. 以芝加哥大学荣誉教授弗里德曼为首的货币学派找出证据，支持自己的论点。他们的证据是：自由市场本身就能创造经济增长和就业机会，其高低多寡则视国民经济所能承受的幅度而定。 （分析：带有明显聚合特点的英语长句，汉语译文理清各层意思的脉络，将“evidence”（证据）重复翻译两遍，从而把各从句分离出去独立成句，用多个离散句清晰地表达原文意思，符合汉语的表达方式。）; 英语句子结构：主语突出、常用虚主语、叙述呈静态、句式成树式结构、思维重逻辑、句式严谨规范。 汉语句子结构： 主题突出、常用实主语、叙述呈动态、句式成竹式结构、思维重语感、句式灵活多变。 ;①It is not difficult to ensure high-speed growth of the national economy through expanded investment on a large scale, but it is difficult to realize effective economic growth and raise the enterprises’ capital profit rate and productivity. ②It is better to change investment structure and orient the investment to infrastructure industries of the national economy such as agriculture, energy, and communications than to blindly channel capital into real estate and securities；however, investment in the infrastructure industry will not (at least in the short term) bring high economic benefits.③ It is imperative to orient the investment to enterprises with better economic benefits, but in China, enterprises with better economic benefits, State-owned enterprises in particular, have been concentrated on the highly monopolized industries such as tobacco, petrochemicals and telecommunications, and the high speed development of these enterprises will play a limited role in promoting the whole of society.;译文：①要通过大规模地扩大投资来保证国民经济的高速增长并不难，难就难在要实现经济的有效增长以及提高企业的资本利润率和生产力。②最好是改变投资结构，将投资