国际商务Chap003分析.pptVIP

Differences In Economic Development Table 2.1: Economic Data for Select Countries Broader Conceptions Of Development: Amartya Sen Nobel Prize winning economist Amartya Sen argues that development should be seen as a process of expanding the real freedoms that people experience So, development requires the removal of major impediments to freedom like poverty, tyranny, and neglect of public facilities Sen emphasizes basic health care and basic education The United Nations used Sen’s ideas to develop the Human Development Index (HDI) which is based on three measures: life expectancy at birth, educational attainment, and whether average incomes are sufficient to meet the basic needs of life in a country Political Economy And Economic Progress What is the relationship between political economy and economic progress? Experts agree that: Innovation and entrepreneurship are the engines of long-run economic growth Innovation and entrepreneurship require a market economy Innovation and entrepreneurship require strong property rights It seems likely that democratic regimes are more conducive to long-term economic growth than a dictatorship, even one of the benevolent kind Subsequent economic growth leads to establishment of democratic regimes Geography, Education, And Economic Development In addition to political and economic systems, geography and education are also important determinants of economic development Countries with favorable geography are more likely to engage in trade, and so, be more open to market-based economic systems, and the economic growth they promote Countries that invest in education have higher growth rates because the workforce is more productive Classroom Performance System Which is not a primary determinant of a nation’s rate of economic development? a) its political system b) its economic system c) its geography d) its currency States In Transition Since the late 1980s, two trends have emerged in the political economy: A wave of de