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assessment and treatment in autism spectrum disorders a focus on genetics and psychiatry评估和治疗自闭症谱系障碍的遗传学和精神病学.pdf

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assessment and treatment in autism spectrum disorders a focus on genetics and psychiatry评估和治疗自闭症谱系障碍的遗传学和精神病学

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Autism Research and Treatment Volume 2012, Article ID 242537, 11 pages doi:10.1155/2012/242537 Review Article Assessment and Treatment in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Focus on Genetics and Psychiatry Merlin G. Butler,1, 2 Erin L. Youngs,3 Jennifer L. Roberts,1, 2 and Jessica A. Hellings1, 2 1 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Kansas University Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., MS4015, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA 2 Department of Pediatrics, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA 3 Saint Luke’s Cancer Institute, Saint Luke’s Health System, Kansas City, MO 64111, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Merlin G. Butler, mbutler4@ Received 14 January 2012; Accepted 26 March 2012 Academic Editor: Jeanne Townsend Copyright © 2012 Merlin G. Butler et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are neurobehavioral disorders characterized by abnormalities in three behavioral domains including social interaction, impaired communication, and repetitive stereotypic behaviors. ASD aﬀects approximately 1% of children and is on the rise with signiﬁcant genetic mechanisms underlying these disorders. We review the current understanding of the role of genetic and metabolic factors contributing to ASD with the use of new genetic technology. Fifty percent is diagnosed with chromosomal abnormalities, small DNA deletions/duplications, single-gene conditions, or metabolic disturbances. Genetic evaluation is discussed along with psychiatric treatment and approaches for selection of medication t