associations between hiv antiretroviral therapy and the prevalence and incidence of pregnancy in rakai, uganda艾滋病毒抗逆转录病毒治疗和之间的关联的患病率和发病率在rakai怀孕,乌干达.pdfVIP

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associations between hiv antiretroviral therapy and the prevalence and incidence of pregnancy in rakai, uganda艾滋病毒抗逆转录病毒治疗和之间的关联的患病率和发病率在rakai怀孕,乌干达.pdf

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associations between hiv antiretroviral therapy and the prevalence and incidence of pregnancy in rakai, uganda艾滋病毒抗逆转录病毒治疗和之间的关联的患病率和发病率在rakai怀孕,乌干达

Hindawi Publishing Corporation AIDS Research and Treatment Volume 2011, Article ID 519492, 10 pages doi:10.1155/2011/519492 Research Article Associations between HIV Antiretroviral Therapy and the Prevalence and Incidence of Pregnancy in Rakai, Uganda Fredrick. E. Makumbi,1, 2 Gertrude Nakigozi,2 Steven. J. Reynolds,3 Anthony Ndyanabo,2 Tom Lutalo,2 David Serwada,1 Fred Nalugoda,2 Maria Wawer,4 and Ron Gray4 1 School of Public Health, Makerere University, 7072 Kampala, Uganda 2 Rakai Health Sciences Program, 279 Kalisizo, Uganda 3 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA 4 School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg, MD 21205, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Fredrick. E. Makumbi, fmakumbi@ Received 16 June 2010; Revised 26 October 2010; Accepted 12 December 2010 Academic Editor: Ann Duerr Copyright © 2011 Fredrick. E. Makumbi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background. Use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) may be associated with higher pregnancy rates. Methods. The prevalence and incidence of pregnancy was assessed in 712 HIV+ pre-ART women of reproductive age (WRA) (15–45) and 244 HIV+ WRA initiating ART. Prevalence rate ratios (PRR), incidence rate ratios (IRR), and 95% conﬁdence interval (CI) were assessed. Results. The incidence of pregnancy was 13.1/100 py among women in pre-ART care compared to 24.6/100 py among women on ART (IRR = 0.54; 95% CI 0.37, 0.81, p 0.0017). The prevalence of pregnancy at ART initiation was 12.0% with CD4 counts 100–250