averaging of multivalued differential equations平均的多值微分方程.pdfVIP

IJMMS 2003:25, 1615–1622 PII. S016117120300680X © Hindawi Publishing Corp. AVERAGING OF MULTIVALUED DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS G. GRAMMEL Received 16 February 2001 Nonlinear multivalued differential equations with slow and fast subsystems are considered. Under transitivity conditions on the fast subsystem, the slow subsys- tem can be approximated by an averaged multivalued differential equation. The approximation in the Hausdorff sense is of order O(1/3 ) as → 0. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 34A60, 34E15, 34C29. 1. Introduction. We consider the nonlinear perturbed multivalued differen- tial equation ˙ ˙ z(t) ∈ F z(t),y(t) , y(t) ∈ G y(t) , (1.1) where 0 denotes the small perturbation parameter, t ∈ [0,T /] the time variable, z( ·) the slow motion, and y( ·) the fast motion. The fundamental task in perturbation theory is the construction of a limit system which represents the situation of a vanishing perturbation parameter. In the single-valued case, F(z,y) = {f (z,y) } and G(y) = {g(y) }, that is, in the case of perturbed ordinary differential equations, this construction re- quires ergodicity properties of the fast subsystem. For instance, if the fast subsystem has a unique invariant measure µ on the compact invariant set N , then the trajectories of the averaged system ˙ f z(t),y dµ(y) (1.2) z(t) = N uniformly approximate the slow trajectories of ( 1.1) on the time intervals [0,T /]. Once an approximation by an averaged system is achieved, the next task is the dete