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codon bias of influenza a viruses and their hosts密码子偏置的a型流感病毒和宿主
American Journal of Molecular Biology, 2011, 1, 174-182 AJMB
doi:10.4236/ajmb.2011.13017 Published Online October 2011 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/ajmb/).
Codon bias of influenza a viruses and their hosts
*
Keli C. Fancher, Wei Hu
Department of Computer Science, Houghton College, Houghton, USA.
*
Email: Wei.Hu@H
Received 7 April 2011; revised 10 June 2011; accepted 1 July 2011.
ABSTRACT in the Influenza’s RNA replication.
Evolutionary drift in Influenza is commonly evaluated
The Influenza A virus remains an annual and world-
through the study of codon usage. A codon is a combina-
wide health concern due to its fast evolutionary rate.
tion of three out of the four possible nucleic bases in
There are two major forms of Influenza evolution:
gene sequences: Adenine - ‘A’, Cytosine - ‘C’, Guanine -
drift, caused by mutations, and shift, which results 3
‘G’, and Thymine - ‘T’. There are 64 possible, 4 , trinu-
from the exchange of genetic information between
cleotide codons, each of which encodes one of the 21
two gene segments. Using six synonymous codon us-
amino acids.
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